What is Prescribed Fire?

July 18, 2025

We Didn't Start the Fire: Burn Unit 1

Written by: Paxton Caroline Hayes

Photos taken by: Paxton Caroline Hayes

Location: Red Oaks Plantation in Oakfield, Georgia


Welcome to the Fire Crew 

Whether you're a landowner who already conducts controlled burns, live in a metro area and dread the summer burn bans, or have never heard of prescribed fire before, welcome! My name is Paxton Caroline Hayes, and I am part of the Conservation and Stewardship team here at the Southern Conservation Trust. With these posts, I want to show you how important prescribed fire is for ecosystems throughout the Southeast. 


This series of blog posts will cover topics like the history and ecology of prescribed fire, proper smoke management, and fire as a land management tool. We didn’t start the fire when our environment was learning to co-evolve with it, but we should work together to start them safely now, happy burning! 


Okay, But What is Prescribed Fire?

Sometimes called controlled burning or abbreviated as “Rx Fire,” it is the intentional and controlled use of fire as a land management technique. The United States Forest Service states that prescribed fire is:

  • Applied in a skillful manner
  • Under exacting weather conditions
  • In a definite place
  • To achieve predetermined, well-defined management objectives (or results) 
  • Reduce wildfire hazards
  • Reduce fuels 
  • Improve habitat for wildlife species
  • Reduce competition
  • Enhance appearance 
  • Improve access


Why Should I Choose Fire?

Prescribed fire is a safe way to apply a natural process, ensure ecosystem health, and reduce wildfire risk on public and private lands (Georgia DNR). Long before humans inhabited the Southeast, lightning-ignited fires helped shape Georgia's many ecosystems from the longleaf pine savannas and herbaceous bogs in south Georgia to oak-hickory forests and high-elevation balds in the mountains. If left unchecked, trees and brush will grow too thick, shading out understory vegetation and preventing animals from foraging or living there. 


Additionally, chemical and mechanical treatments can be significantly more expensive than prescribed burning and have greater environmental costs (such as the destruction of habitat, loss of native plants and animals, and detrimental soil erosion). While fire is temporarily destructive, our ecosystems in the Southeast have evolved to come back stronger under the right fire conditions and disturbances. Prescribed fire also safely consumes fallen limbs, dead trees, and other flammable fuels (like pine straw), which lowers the risk of catastrophic wildfires and smoke clouds.


Where Can I Learn More?

Georgia Department of Natural Resources 

Georgia Forestry Commission 

Southern Fire Exchange 

Georgia Prescribed Fire Council 

Introduction to Prescribed Fire in Southern Ecosystems

Press & Media Inquiries

For all press and media inquiries, please reach out to Tori Betsill, our Director of Development. Tori is here to assist you with any questions or information you may need about Southern Conservation Trust's initiatives, events, and conservation efforts. You can contact her directly at tori@sctlandtrust.org.

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About Southern Conservation Trust

At Southern Conservation Trust, we are passionate about elevating nature through exceptional stewardship. Based in Georgia, our 501(c)(3) public charity has successfully conserved over 65,000 acres of land across the Southeast, including five public nature areas in Fayette County and the Fayette Environmental Education Center. We believe that protecting our natural spaces is just the beginning; everyone should have equal access to enjoy the beauty of the outdoors. Join us in our mission to foster a deeper connection between people and nature. Learn more at www.sctlandtrust.org.

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FAYETTEVILLE, GEORGIA, April 22, 2026 – What began with the discovery of native Pink Lady’s Slipper orchids in 2023 has grown into a multi-year conservation effort, one that now serves as a powerful example of how thoughtful development and environmental stewardship can go hand in hand. As plans move forward for the City Center Parkway in Fayetteville, a population of rare Pink Lady’s Slipper orchids was discovered growing within the pine understory of a 38.5-acre tract along Grady Avenue, largely hidden from public view. While not federally endangered, these native orchids are increasingly uncommon and highly sensitive to their environment. They are also protected under Georgia law and classified as a species of concern, meaning it is illegal to remove them without proper authorization, making their presence both special and vulnerable. Rather than allowing the plants to be lost as a result of development and construction, the Southern Conservation Trust (SCT) saw an opportunity. In May 2025, SCT approached City officials with a proposal to relocate the orchids to a nearby SCT-owned private preserve. With the City’s approval, SCT’s Director of Parks & Planning and members of its Conservation Team carried out the effort, ensuring the relocation was done responsibly and with the greatest chance of success. Over the following year, plans were refined, permits were secured, and timing was carefully aligned with the orchids’ natural growth cycle. With advisory input from members of the Georgia Plant Conservation Alliance, including experts from the Atlanta Botanical Garden and the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, SCT’s Conservation Team began the delicate process of transplanting the orchids in early spring 2026, carefully relocating more than 100 individual plants with intact root systems to a safeguarded habitat at a nearby SCT-owned private preserve, where another population of Pink Lady’s Slippers already exists and thrives naturally. The work required precision, patience, and teamwork, as transplanting these orchids is notoriously difficult, even under ideal circumstances, and should only be undertaken with proper expertise and authorization. Each plant was carefully cataloged, tracked, and replanted under conditions designed to mirror its original environment, with close attention to growth stage and long-term viability. Early signs are encouraging, with many of the transplants already showing resilience following the move.